Best Screws to Use with Metal Studs

Constructing walls and structures with metal studs has become increasingly popular due to the strength, durability, and versatility they provide. However, choosing the right screws is crucial for ensuring metal stud assemblies can withstand structural loads and environmental conditions over time.

Screw Types for Metal Stud Framing

Metal studs require screws that can drill through thick steel gauges without breaking or damaging the threads. The three main types used are:

• Self-drilling screws - Feature drill bit tips to bore hole and tapered threads to form threads in metal.
• Self-tapping screws - Cut threads into pre-drilled pilot holes in metal studs.
• Standard screws - Hex washer head that drive into pre-drilled holes.

Self-drilling screws are ideal for most metal stud applications as they combine drilling and fastening in one step. The ability to drill small pilot holes and tap full-formed threads in a single fastening process reduces installation time.

Common Metal-Specific Screw Head Styles

Most screws for metal have heads optimized for use with power drivers, featuring recessed or hex heads. Some options include:

• Phillips - Time-tested flat head and crossed recess universal screwdriver bit.
• Square - Recessed square socket drive resists cam out.
• Torx - Star shape is an advanced recess that maximizes torque.
• Hex Washer Head (HWH) - Flanged hex bolt head with integrated washer.

Screw Sizes

Choosing the optimal screw size ensures maximum holding strength while avoiding potential issues:

• Length - Long enough for adequate thread engagement in metal without protruding from the other side.
• Gauge - Should match the gauge of the metal studs.
• Thread Dimensions - Major diameter and thread pitch based on hole sizes.

Standard metal studs have a thickness of 0.0179 inches. Matching the screw gauge prevents thread stripping, while an optimal length provides enough bite without excess protrusion.

Allow For Multiple Steel Thicknesses

If fastening several stacked metal pieces, choose a screw long enough to accommodate all layers and still engage each layer with sufficient thread contact. Using too short of a screw can reduce the holding power. On the other hand, choosing a screw that is too long runs the risk of the sharpened tip puncturing through the metal stud, reducing structural integrity.

Screw Strengths

Structural loads require screws with adequate shear and tensile strength for metal connections. Key considerations include:

• Shear Strength - Resists lateral forces that can snap screw threads. Measured per unit area (psi).
• Tensile Strength - Withstands forces trying to stretch/elongate screw. Measured in psi.

Higher steel grades and optimized thread geometry boost shear and tensile strength. Screws with the highest psi ratings best secure metal-to-metal connections.

Torque Specs

Proper torqueing ensures optimal preload on connections without risking damage. Torque values depend on factors like screw size, materials joined, etc. Refer to manufacturer specs. Use of a calibrated torque screwdriver prevents under or over-torqueing.

Tightening Sequence

The order in which screws are tightened can impact loading. Typically an inside-out, crisscross pattern evenly distributes forces. Improper sequence can result in frame distortion.

Screw Coatings

Exterior structures and outdoor environments demand corrosion-resistant coatings that protect metal screws from rust and other damage:

• Zinc - Most common screw platings. Multiple options exist, like yellow zinc, zinc flake, and zinc alloy.
• Ceramic - Advanced coatings that shield better against corrosion than zinc.
• Stainless Steel - Type 316 stainless resists corrosion, chemicals, and saltwater.

Consider Environmental Factors

Selecting screws with protective finishes suitable for the installation environment enhances durability. For example, hot-dipped galvanized screws offer excellent rust protection outdoors. When in doubt, choosing a high-grade stainless steel screw is advisable for optimal corrosion resistance in demanding conditions.

Installing Screws in Metal Studs

Proper techniques for driving screws into metal framing improves structural integrity and reduces issues:

• Use an appropriate powered driver on the optimal setting for the screw size/type.
• Drill small pilot holes even for self-drilling screws.
• Drive screws vertically (not on an angle) by applying steady pressure.
• Set torque clutch to auto stop when screws seat flush with metal.

While most applications call for self-drilling screws, pre-drilling is still wise to prevent thread galling in thick metal gauges. Letting screws thread their own holes risks damaged threads if not performed properly.

Troubleshooting Tip

If screws spin without biting or feel like they are stripping, stop driving immediately and re-drill hole to remove any failed threads before attempting to reinstall or replace the screw.

Securing Connections

For joining metal studs end-to-end, specialized framing screws should be used rather than standard screws. Framing connectors secure the joint for better structural performance.

Recommended Metal Stud Screws

With so many technical considerations for screws in metal studs, trusted brands with product lines designed for professional jobs are best. Some top options include:

• Simpson Strong-Tie - Variety of self-drilling, self-tapping, and standard metal screws.
• Grabber - Extensive range of coated and stainless steel screws.
• Grip-Rite Prime Guard MAX - Optimized thread, corrosion-resistant exterior screws.

Major manufacturers offer screws purpose-built for different metal stud applications like framing connectors, multi-layer steel assemblies, curtain wall structures, and more.

Choosing Application-Specific Products

Consult manufacturers' technical documentation to identify optimal screw sizes, strengths, coatings and other specifications tailored to your particular metal stud project. Always verify any screws procured meet the requirements of the building code and standards for the structure type and location.

Specialty Screw Types

While conventional metal screws suffice for basic assemblies, specialty screws enhance performance for specific situations:

• Security - Resist tampering with one-way or custom heads.
• Drywall - Sharp points and fine threads reduce tear-out.
• Concrete - Optimized drilling into concrete, stone, etc.

Manufacturers offer screws with unique attributes for niche applications. Consult an expert to identify specialty screw solutions where relevant.

From critical characteristics like gauge, length, strength ratings, and thread dimensions to factors such as installations technique, environmental conditions and building codes, properly specifying and installing screws for metal studs demands an understanding of many interrelated considerations.

By leveraging the expertise of reputable manufacturers and utilizing screws engineered specifically for the intended application, structural integrity and long-term performance can be ensured.